Electrostatic accelerator : a versatile tool, The
Electrostatic accelerators
IOP Publishing
2019
EISBN 9781643273563
1. Introduction.
2. The field of accelerator techniques.
2.1. Different types of accelerator.
2.2. Orbital accelerators.
2.3. Linear accelerators.
2.4. Direct voltage accelerators.
2.5. Tandem electrostatic accelerator
3. History of electrostatic accelerators.
3.1. Development of Van de Graaff accelerators.
3.2. The Herb accelerators.
3.3. Commercially produced accelerators.
3.4. The development of tandem accelerators.
3.5. The big machines
4. Electrostatics.
4.1. Field distributions.
4.2. Potential dividers
5. Insulating gases.
6. Charging systems.
6.1. Belt charging systems.
6.2. Chain charging systems.
6.3. Cascade generator charging systems
7. Voltage distribution systems.
7.1. Corona point systems.
7.2. Resistor chains
8. High voltage stabilisation.
8.1. Feedback voltage stabilisation
9. Accelerator tubes.
9.1. Beam optics
10. Ion stripper system and terminal pumping.
10.1. Charge exchange
11. Electron sources.
11.1. Thermionic electron gun
12. Positive ion sources.
12.1. RF-ion sources.
12.2. Penning ion sources.
12.3. Duoplasmatron ion sources
13. Negative ion formation processes and sources.
13.1. Negative ion formation
14. Equipment for beam diagnostics.
14.1. Measurement of the beam current.
14.2. Monitoring the beam diameter and position.
14.3. Beam profile monitors.
14.4. Beam stoppers and safety equipment
15. Charged particle optics and beam transport.
15.1. Specification of the ion beam.
15.2. Charge particle beam optics and beam transport characteristics for different types of end-station beam-lines.
15.3. Accelerator ion optics
16. Radiation protection at an accelerator laboratory.
16.1. Types of radiation.
16.2. Radiation dosimetry.
16.3. Detecting ionising radiation
17. Computer control of accelerators.
17.1. Introduction.
17.2. Distributed intelligence.
17.3. Smart accelerators and Industrie 4.0.
17.4. Obsolescence considerations
18. Vacuum technology for electrostatic accelerators.
18.1. Introduction.
18.2. Basic high vacuum technology.
18.3. Kinetic theory and gas flow in vacuum systems.
18.4. Vacuum components.
18.5. Vacuum fittings and materials.
18.6. Accelerator vacuum systems
19. Environmental and safety aspects of electrostatic accelerators.
19.1. Introduction.
19.2. Building environmental aspects.
19.3. Environmental effects on electrostatic accelerators
20. Applications of electrostatic accelerators.
20.1. Introduction.
20.2. Atomic and nuclear reactions.
20.3. Charged particle beam modification of materials.
20.4. Ion beam analysis methods.
20.5. Accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS).
Electrostatic accelerators have been at the forefront of modern technology since 1932, when Sir John Cockroft and Ernest Walton developed the first accelerator. Although the electrostatic accelerator field is over 90 years old, the field and the number of accelerators is growing more rapidly than ever. This book provides a collection of the basic science and technology that underlies the electrostatic accelerator field so it can serve as a handbook, reference guide, and textbook for accelerator engineers, students, and researchers in the field.
2. The field of accelerator techniques.
2.1. Different types of accelerator.
2.2. Orbital accelerators.
2.3. Linear accelerators.
2.4. Direct voltage accelerators.
2.5. Tandem electrostatic accelerator
3. History of electrostatic accelerators.
3.1. Development of Van de Graaff accelerators.
3.2. The Herb accelerators.
3.3. Commercially produced accelerators.
3.4. The development of tandem accelerators.
3.5. The big machines
4. Electrostatics.
4.1. Field distributions.
4.2. Potential dividers
5. Insulating gases.
6. Charging systems.
6.1. Belt charging systems.
6.2. Chain charging systems.
6.3. Cascade generator charging systems
7. Voltage distribution systems.
7.1. Corona point systems.
7.2. Resistor chains
8. High voltage stabilisation.
8.1. Feedback voltage stabilisation
9. Accelerator tubes.
9.1. Beam optics
10. Ion stripper system and terminal pumping.
10.1. Charge exchange
11. Electron sources.
11.1. Thermionic electron gun
12. Positive ion sources.
12.1. RF-ion sources.
12.2. Penning ion sources.
12.3. Duoplasmatron ion sources
13. Negative ion formation processes and sources.
13.1. Negative ion formation
14. Equipment for beam diagnostics.
14.1. Measurement of the beam current.
14.2. Monitoring the beam diameter and position.
14.3. Beam profile monitors.
14.4. Beam stoppers and safety equipment
15. Charged particle optics and beam transport.
15.1. Specification of the ion beam.
15.2. Charge particle beam optics and beam transport characteristics for different types of end-station beam-lines.
15.3. Accelerator ion optics
16. Radiation protection at an accelerator laboratory.
16.1. Types of radiation.
16.2. Radiation dosimetry.
16.3. Detecting ionising radiation
17. Computer control of accelerators.
17.1. Introduction.
17.2. Distributed intelligence.
17.3. Smart accelerators and Industrie 4.0.
17.4. Obsolescence considerations
18. Vacuum technology for electrostatic accelerators.
18.1. Introduction.
18.2. Basic high vacuum technology.
18.3. Kinetic theory and gas flow in vacuum systems.
18.4. Vacuum components.
18.5. Vacuum fittings and materials.
18.6. Accelerator vacuum systems
19. Environmental and safety aspects of electrostatic accelerators.
19.1. Introduction.
19.2. Building environmental aspects.
19.3. Environmental effects on electrostatic accelerators
20. Applications of electrostatic accelerators.
20.1. Introduction.
20.2. Atomic and nuclear reactions.
20.3. Charged particle beam modification of materials.
20.4. Ion beam analysis methods.
20.5. Accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS).
Electrostatic accelerators have been at the forefront of modern technology since 1932, when Sir John Cockroft and Ernest Walton developed the first accelerator. Although the electrostatic accelerator field is over 90 years old, the field and the number of accelerators is growing more rapidly than ever. This book provides a collection of the basic science and technology that underlies the electrostatic accelerator field so it can serve as a handbook, reference guide, and textbook for accelerator engineers, students, and researchers in the field.
